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expand hard disk in linux vm

-merge all checkpoints
-shutdown VM
-make a copy of your virtual hard drive and store in another location just in case
-rightclick VM, seetings, edit
-virtual hard drive from left menu
-edit
-click next
-choose expand, click next
-select new size, click finish, click OK
-start VM

-ssh to VM
-sudo fdisk /dev/sda
-p to list partitions
-d to delete the partitions, then 1, d, 2, etc (data will not be lost)
-n for a new partition
-p for primary, 1 for 1st, 2048 for starting sector, largest possible for last sector
-if asked partition contains ext4 signare do you want to remove? choose no
-p to verify partitions and size
-a to make the partition bootable
-w to write changes. may get a message about re-reading the table failed. this is ok.
-sudo reboot
-wait (it takes time to apply the changes, so if ssh doesn't work immediately, wait. connecting through hyperv to watch the messages will show it is working).
-sudo resize2fs /dev/sda1 (this expands the partition to use the rest of the space we just reated)
-df -h to confirm

-if your swap partition was deleted, create a swap file
-sudo fallocate -l 512M /swapfile
-sudo chmod 600 /swapfile
-sudo mkswap /swapfile
-sudo swapon /swapfile
-sudo swapon –show to verify
-sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.bak to backup the fstab
-echo '/swapfile none swap sw 0 0' | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab to make your swap perminant
-sudo nano /etc/sysctl.conf
-add to the end:
vm.swappiness=10
vm.vfs_cache_pressure=50
-save

go back into fstab and remove old swap partition uuid


references:

https://www.zubairalexander.com/blog/how-to-expand-hard-drives-in-hyper-v-virtual-machines

https://askubuntu.com/questions/116351/increase-partition-size-on-which-ubuntu-is-installed

https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-add-swap-space-on-ubuntu-16-04